The approximately 12 gauge smoothbore barrel has a silver blade front sight with inlaid silver floral and "spider" base, scroll patterns with gilt backgrounds at the transition point followed by a silver inlaid mask and floral design, additional silver floral designs inlaid on the breech section, gold inlaid maker's marks including one of a crown over "JVN./BVR/GOT," and scroll and border engraved tang. The lock has scroll engraving, a serrated frizzen, and "Asannloza" signed at the bottom at center. The iron furniture has scroll and floral engraving. The half-length stock is the classic Catalan style popular in the early 1800s and has a raised floral design carved by the barrel tang and has an old label on the left side that reads "THE PROPERTY OF/H.F. MUSTAIN/MORSE CAVE KENTUCKY/USA/This Spanish Fowling Piece was willed to me by Col. William Piatt of/the U.S. Army in 1832. It was a present to him by Gen. Riano at the/battle of New Orleans La in 1815. and has been in my possession since..." and has a notary mark stating the statement was sworn by William Piatt at Woodland Station, Kentucky, before Notary Public W.P. Mustain on November 26, 1892. In the included binder of provenance documents from the private sale of the gun in April 1912 contains multiple pieces of correspondence between H.F. Mustain of Horse Cave, Kentucky, and Ralph W. Potter of Lewiston, Maine. Mustain indicates that the gun was used in the Battle of New Orleans and he paid William Piatt $20 for the gun. Piatt had owned it for 60 years and had been wealthy, but "he lost out and sold me the gun because he needed bread." Mustain then owned it himself for 20 years exhibiting the rifle at the famous World's Fair in Chicago (World's Columbian Exposition of 1893). Pages 169-189 of the "Report of the Committee on Awards of the World's Columbian Commission" covers "Colonial and Revolutionary Object (of the fair)" specifically page 170 which states "A number of interesting relics connecting the earlier Spanish colonial life with he later English, French, Swedish, and Dutch colonial, were found in the Louisiana State building...A Sword of General Jackson's and sword and sash of Gen. J.B. Planche all worn at the New Orleans, and relics of the war of 1812 and of the Mexican War, were to be found in this collection." The exhibition label remains on the right side of the stock. He also notes that Colonel Reuben T. Durrett of Louisville, "an authority on such matters" said, "It is a danged fine old gun, and must have cost $500. in it's day. [sic]." An old photograph of the gun leaning on a chair that was sent by Mustain to Potter when they were negotiating the sale is also included. The receipts indicate Potter purchased the gun for $20. The William Piatt swearing the affidavit in the 1892 would be Lieutenant Colonel William Piatt's nephew. He was the son of Daniel Piatt Jr. (1774-1808) and died at his home near Cave City, Kentucky, in 1894 shortly after selling the gun to Mustain. The fact that he had owned the gun for approximately 60 years when he sold it in 1892 after being willed it by his uncle properly lines up with his uncle's death in the 1830s and provides an chain of provenance of the gun back to the officer that received it. William F. Piatt (1773-1834) was named after his uncle who was a Revolutionary War veteran and was killed during St. Claire's Defeat (Battle of Wabash) in 1791 during the Northwest Indian War. He was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 11th U.S. Infantry in 1799 during the Quasi-War with France and then transferred to the 3rd Infantry. In 1809, he was a captain in the 2nd Infantry and acting quartermaster general on Governor William Henry Harrison's staff during the famous Tippecanoe Campaign of 1811 and on Harrison's staff during the Northwest Campaign of 1812 and 1813. In 1814, he was promoted to major in the 34th Infantry and was quartermaster general on General Andrew Jackson's staff. On December 23, 1814, Piatt was shot in the leg while leading men from the 7th Infantry in a close range engagement with the British 95th during the prelude to the Battle of New Orleans and received a brevet promotion to lieutenant colonel for "Galant conduct at the Siege of New Orleans." Jackson famously went on to lead his ragtag army of Tennessee, Kentucky, and Louisiana militia; Choctaw warriors, U.S. regulars, and French privateers/pirates to victory over the numerically superior British on January 8, 1815. After the war the U.S Army was heavily downsized, and Piatt left the army and moved to Ohio. He served as an elector for Jackson and was rewarded with an appointment as a paymaster in 1830 and died in 1834 having never married and leaving behind no children. Philip Yost Jr. of New Orleans claimed that Jackson secured Piatt $25 to 30,000 in payment for fraudulent claims of supplied for the army which provided Piatt wealth. The details on General Riano do not specify who he was. He appears to be Spanish businessman Jose Antonio de Riaño of New Orleans. He is documented as petitioning Andrew Jackson for release after being imprisoned and was tried as a spy. During the War of 1812, the Spanish were allied with the British and multiple Native American nations against the Americans, and they and the British hoped to claim portions of the Louisiana Territory (the former French claimed land stretching up the length of the Mississippi River). The French lost the territory to the east of the Mississippi to the British and the land west of it to the Spanish during the French & Indian War, and then the Americans, thanks to George Rogers Clark's expedition, which claimed the land east of the Mississippi during the American Revolution. The Spanish had transferred western Louisiana back to the French in 1800 and 1801 in the Third Treaty of San Ildefonso and Treaty of Aranjuez. Napoleon and the French then famously sold Louisiana to the United States in 1804 after Napoleon gave up his dreams of revitalizing France's New World colonies after the debacle in Haiti. The Spanish and British both wished to contain the United States and limit its westward expansion. The battles at New Orleans actually took place after the United States and Great Britain had agreed to peace under the Treaty of Ghent, but the news took some time to reach North America, and Jackson's victory over the British is widely considered one of the greatest American triumphs of the war.

Fine overall with dark brown patina, aged patina on the silver inlays, generally crisp markings and engraving, bright gold inlays, on inlay above the vent liner absent, some mild pitting concentrated around the vent, and generally mild wear overall. The stock is also fine and has distinct carving, mild scratches and dings, a sliver absent along the forend tip on the right, and a few cracks including one at the toe. Mechanically fine. This is a very historic example Spanish miquelet with fine embellishment and impeccable documentation linking it to Andrew Jackson's quartermaster general at the historic Battle of New Orleans during the War of 1812.